Chapter III
The Sources of the Gospels and the Way of Writing Them
Section VI
The Texts which were quoted from the Old Testament, but they have not been attributed directly to it
In this section will examine the texts which were quoted from the Old Testament, but they have not been attributed directly to it, as is the case in the previous sections, which I call it Storyline or Plot-story or screenplay of the Gospels, where we will review the most of the events and stories and sayings that mentioned in the Gospels, and comparing them with the Old Testament and with Jesus as was portrayed in the Gospels, and his attributes in the laws of the faith of the churches as well.
4 - The Source of the Genealogy of Jesus and the way of writing it
Matthew and Luke have written two genealogies for Jesus and made many differences among the names of Jesus' fathers, which form a permanent state of confusion in the hearts and minds of the good people of the followers of the churches about the reasons of the existence of these contradictions and differences, and even in the way of writing the names; Matthew wrote his genealogy from the top to the bottom, i.e., from Abraham to Joseph the Carpenter, while Luke wrote his genealogy as is the usual way of writing the genealogies from the bottom to the top, i.e., from Jesus to Adam, which are as follows:
Matthew 1:1 The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the Son of David, the Son of Abraham:
Matthew 1:2 Abraham begot Isaac, Isaac begot Jacob, and Jacob begot Judah and his brothers.
Matthew 1:3 Judah begot Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez begot Hezron, and Hezron begot Ram.
Matthew 1:4 Ram begot Amminadab, Amminadab begot Nahshon, and Nahshon begot Salmon.
Matthew 1:5 Salmon begot Boaz by Rahab, Boaz begot Obed by Ruth, Obed begot Jesse,
Matthew 1:6 and Jesse begot David the king. David the king begot Solomon by her who had been the wife of Uriah.
Matthew 1:7 Solomon begot Rehoboam, Rehoboam begot Abijah, and Abijah begot Asa.
Matthew 1:8 Asa begot Jehoshaphat, Jehoshaphat begot Joram, and Joram begot Uzziah.
Matthew 1:9 Uzziah begot Jotham, Jotham begot Ahaz, and Ahaz begot Hezekiah.
Matthew 1:10 Hezekiah begot Manasseh, Manasseh begot Amon, and Amon begot Josiah.
Matthew 1:11 Josiah begot Jeconiah and his brothers about the time they were carried away to Babylon.
Matthew 1:12 And after they were brought to Babylon, Jeconiah begot Shealtiel, and Shealtiel begot Zerubbabel.
Matthew 1:13 Zerubbabel begot Abiud, Abiud begot Eliakim, and Eliakim begot Azor.
Matthew 1:14 Azor begot Zadok, Zadok begot Achim, and Achim begot Eliud.
Matthew 1:15 Eliud begot Eleazar, Eleazar begot Matthan, and Matthan begot Jacob.
Matthew 1:16 And Jacob begot Joseph the husband of Mary, of whom was born Jesus who is called Christ.
Matthew 1:17 So all the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen generations, from David until the captivity in Babylon are fourteen generations, and from the captivity in Babylon until the Christ are fourteen generations.
Luke 3:23 Now Jesus Himself began His ministry at about thirty years of age, being (as was supposed) the son of Joseph, the son of Heli,
Luke 3:24 the son of Matthat, the son of Levi, the son of Melchi, the son of Janna, the son of Joseph,
Luke 3:25 the son of Mattathiah, the son of Amos, the son of Nahum, the son of Esli, the son of Naggai,
Luke 3:26 the son of Maath, the son of Mattathiah, the son of Semei, the son of Joseph, the son of Judah,
Luke 3:27 the son of Joannas, the son of Rhesa, the son of Zerubbabel, the son of Shealtiel, the son of Neri,
Luke 3:28 the son of Melchi, the son of Addi, the son of Cosam, the son of Elmodam, the son of Er,
Luke 3:29 the son of Jose, the son of Eliezer, the son of Jorim, the son of Matthat, the son of Levi,
Luke 3:30 the son of Simeon, the son of Judah, the son of Joseph, the son of Jonan, the son of Eliakim,
Luke 3:31 the son of Melea, the son of Menan, the son of Mattathah, the son of Nathan, the son of David,
Luke 3:32 the son of Jesse, the son of Obed, the son of Boaz, the son of Salmon, the son of Nahshon,
Luke 3:33 the son of Amminadab, the son of Ram, the son of Hezron, the son of Perez, the son of Judah,
Luke 3:34 the son of Jacob, the son of Isaac, the son of Abraham, the son of Terah, the son of Nahor,
Luke 3:35 the son of Serug, the son of Reu, the son of Peleg, the son of Eber, the son of Shelah,
Luke 3:36 the son of Cainan, the son of Arphaxad, the son of Shem, the son of Noah, the son of Lamech,
Luke 3:37 the son of Methuselah, the son of Enoch, the son of Jared, the son of Mahalalel, the son of Cainan,
Luke 3:38 the son of Enos, the son of Seth, the son of Adam, the son of God.
I have examined Jesus' genealogy in detail in the book Jesus the Son of Joseph the Carpenter ... Confusing Questions, and showed there that Matthew has deleted five names of men whom are supposed to be fathers of Jesus in the Old Testament, who are Ahaziah the son of Jehoram, or Joram as it is written in Matthew, and Joash the son of Ahaziah, and Amaziah the son of Joash and Jehoiakim the son of Josiah and Pedaiah the son of Shealtiel, as in the following texts:
2 Chronicles 22:1 Then the inhabitants of Jerusalem made Ahaziah his youngest son king in his place, for the raiders who came with the Arabians into the camp had killed all the older sons. So Ahaziah the son of Jehoram, king of Judah, reigned.
2 Chronicles 24:1 Joash was seven years old when he became king, and he reigned forty years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Zibiah of Beersheba.
2 Chronicles 25:1 Amaziah was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned twenty-nine years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Jehoaddan of Jerusalem.
1 Chronicles 3:15 The sons of Josiah were Johanan the firstborn, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, and the fourth Shallum.
1 Chronicles 3:16 The sons of Jehoiakim were Jeconiah his son and Zedekiah his son.
1 Chronicles 3:17 And the sons of Jeconiah were Assir, Shealtiel his son,
1 Chronicles 3:18 and Malchiram, Pedaiah, Shenazzar, Jecamiah, Hoshama, and Nedabiah.
He also wrote several names inconsistent with the names in the Old Testament about the descendants of Zerubbabel, as in the following text:
1 Chronicles 3:19 The sons of Pedaiah were Zerubbabel and Shimei. The sons of Zerubbabel were Meshullam, Hananiah, Shelomith their sister,
1 Chronicles 3:20 and Hashubah, Ohel, Berechiah, Hasadiah, and Jushab-Hesed — five in all.
1 Chronicles 3:21 The sons of Hananiah were Pelatiah and Jeshaiah, the sons of Rephaiah, the sons of Arnan, the sons of Obadiah, and the sons of Shechaniah.
1 Chronicles 3:22 The son of Shechaniah was Shemaiah. The sons of Shemaiah were Hattush, Igal, Bariah, Neariah, and Shaphat — six in all.
1 Chronicles 3:23 The sons of Neariah were Elioenai, Hezekiah, and Azrikam — three in all.
1 Chronicles 3:24 The sons of Elioenai were Hodaviah, Eliashib, Pelaiah, Akkub, Johanan, Delaiah, and Anani — seven in all.
To say in the end of his genealogy that the total of generations from Abraham to David are fourteen generations, and from David to the captivity in Babylon are fourteen generations, and from the captivity in Babylon to Joseph the carpenter are fourteen generations, for a total of forty-two generations, while what he wrote was forty names only!
And if we added the name of Jesus to them the total will be forty one name and this total does not give forty-two generations, also showed that Matthew has ignored the texts of the Old Testament that prophesied concerning Jeconiah (Coniah) that he shall not prosper in his days, for none of his descendants will prosper in the future and sitting on the throne of David, and ruling anymore in Judah, as well as concerning Jehoiakim the father of Jeconiah that he shall have no one to sit on the throne of David, as in the following text:
Jeremiah 22:18 Therefore thus says the LORD concerning Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah: "They shall not lament for him, Saying, ‘Alas, my brother’! or ‘Alas, my sister’! They shall not lament for him, Saying, ‘Alas, master’! or ‘Alas, his glory’!
Jeremiah 22:19 He shall be buried with the burial of a donkey, Dragged and cast out beyond the gates of Jerusalem.
Jeremiah 22:20 "Go up to Lebanon, and cry out, And lift up your voice in Bashan; Cry from Abarim, For all your lovers are destroyed.
Jeremiah 22:21 I spoke to you in your prosperity, But you said, ‘I will not hear’. This has been your manner from your youth, That you did not obey My voice.
Jeremiah 22:22 The wind shall eat up all your rulers, And your lovers shall go into captivity; Surely then you will be ashamed and humiliated For all your wickedness.
Jeremiah 22:23 O inhabitant of Lebanon, Making your nest in the cedars, How gracious will you be when pangs come upon you, Like the pain of a woman in labor?
Jeremiah 22:24 "As I live," says the LORD, "though Coniah the son of Jehoiakim, king of Judah, were the signet on My right hand, yet I would pluck you off;
Jeremiah 22:25 "and I will give you into the hand of those who seek your life, and into the hand of those whose face you fear — the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and the hand of the Chaldeans.
Jeremiah 22:26 "So I will cast you out, and your mother who bore you, into another country where you were not born; and there you shall die.
Jeremiah 22:27 "But to the land to which they desire to return, there they shall not return.
Jeremiah 22:28 "Is this man Coniah a despised, broken idol — A vessel in which is no pleasure? Why are they cast out, he and his descendants, And cast into a land which they do not know?
Jeremiah 22:29 O earth, earth, earth, Hear the word of the LORD!
Jeremiah 22:30 Thus says the LORD: ‘Write this man down as childless, A man who shall not prosper in his days; For none of his descendants shall prosper, Sitting on the throne of David, And ruling anymore in Judah’."
Jeremiah 36:30 ‘Therefore thus says the LORD concerning Jehoiakim king of Judah: "He shall have no one to sit on the throne of David, and his dead body shall be cast out to the heat of the day and the frost of the night.
Jeremiah 36:31 "I will punish him, his family, and his servants for their iniquity; and I will bring on them, on the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and on the men of Judah all the doom that I have pronounced against them; but they did not heed."
But what matters here is the way of writing the genealogy, which is not common or unknown among humans, it starts from the top to the bottom to the person who to be writing his genealogy!
So, why Matthew wrote the genealogy in this way?
Indeed, there are several texts in the Old Testament have written the genealogies like the way of Matthew of writing Jesus' genealogy, which indicates that he was keen to create the similarity between his Gospel and the Old Testament in everything, even in the threads that are not common or unknown among humans, while he was not keen for writing the names of the Old Testament as they are written in it; to say in the end of his genealogy that all the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen generations, from David until the captivity in Babylon are fourteen generations, and from the captivity in Babylon until the Christ are fourteen generations! Including the following text:
1 Chronicles 6:4 Eleazar begot Phinehas, and Phinehas begot Abishua;
1 Chronicles 6:5 Abishua begot Bukki, and Bukki begot Uzzi;
1 Chronicles 6:6 Uzzi begot Zerahiah, and Zerahiah begot Meraioth;
1 Chronicles 6:7 Meraioth begot Amariah, and Amariah begot Ahitub;
1 Chronicles 6:8 Ahitub begot Zadok, and Zadok begot Ahimaaz;
1 Chronicles 6:9 Ahimaaz begot Azariah, and Azariah begot Johanan;
1 Chronicles 6:10 Johanan begot Azariah (it was he who ministered as priest in the temple that Solomon built in Jerusalem);
As for Luke, on one hand, he wrote the genealogy like the common way and well-known among humans, which is written in the Old Testament also, including the following text:
1 Chronicles 6:33 And these are the ones who ministered with their sons: Of the sons of the Kohathites were Heman the singer, the son of Joel, the son of Samuel,
1 Chronicles 6:34 the son of Elkanah, the son of Jeroham, the son of Eliel, the son of Toah,
1 Chronicles 6:35 the son of Zuph, the son of Elkanah, the son of Mahath, the son of Amasai,
1 Chronicles 6:36 the son of Elkanah, the son of Joel, the son of Azariah, the son of Zephaniah,
1 Chronicles 6:37 the son of Tahath, the son of Assir, the son of Ebiasaph, the son of Korah,
1 Chronicles 6:38 the son of Izhar, the son of Kohath, the son of Levi, the son of Israel.
On the other hand, Luke wrote many mistakes in Jesus' genealogy; including the addition of a name, which is not mentioned in the Old Testament of Hebrew Version, Cainan the son of Arphaxad, although it has been mentioned in the Septuagint Version in Genesis, yet it was not mentioned in 1Chronicles, as in the following texts:
Hebrew Version
Genesis 10:10 These are the generations of Shem. Shem was a hundred years old, and begot Arpachshad two years after the flood.
Genesis 10:11 And Shem lived after he begot Arpachshad five hundred years, and begot sons and daughters. {S}
Genesis 10:12 And Arpachshad lived five and thirty years, and begot Shelah.
Genesis 10:13 And Arpachshad lived after he begot Shelah four hundred and three years, and begot sons and daughters. {S}
Genesis 10:14 And Shelah lived thirty years, and begot Eber.
Genesis 10:15 And Shelah lived after he begot Eber four hundred and three years, and begot sons and daughters. {S}
Genesis 10:16 And Eber lived four and thirty years, and begot Peleg.
Genesis 10:17 And Eber lived after he begot Peleg four hundred and thirty years, and begot sons and daughters. {S}
Genesis 10:18 And Peleg lived thirty years, and begot Reu.
Septuagint Version
Genesis 11:10 And these are the generations of Sem: and Sem was a hundred years old when he begot Arphaxad, the second year after the flood.
Genesis 11:11 And Sem lived, after he had begotten Arphaxad, five hundred years, and begot sons and daughters, and died.
Genesis 11:12 And Arphaxad lived a hundred and thirty-five years, and begot Cainan.
Genesis 11:13 And Arphaxad lived after he had begotten Cainan, four hundred years, and begot sons and daughters, and died. And Cainan lived a hundred and thirty years and begot Sala; and Canaan lived after he had begotten Sala, three hundred and thirty years, and begot sons and daughters, and died.
Genesis 11:14 And Sala lived an hundred and thirty years, and begot Heber.
Genesis 11:15 And Sala lived after he had begotten Heber, three hundred and thirty years, and begot sons and daughters, and died.
Genesis 11:16 And Heber lived an hundred and thirty-four years, and begot Phaleg.
Genesis 11:17 And Heber lived after he had begotten Phaleg two hundred and seventy years, and begot sons and daughters, and died.
Genesis 11:18 And Phaleg lived and hundred and thirty years, and begot Ragau.
Hebrew Version
1Chronicles 1:1 Adam, Seth, Enosh;
1Chronicles 1:2 Kenan, Mahalalel, Jared;
1Chronicles 1:3 Enoch, Methuselah, Lamech;
1Chronicles 1:4 Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth. {S}
……
1Chronicles 1:24 Shem, Arpachshad, Shelah;
1Chronicles 1:25 Eber, Peleg, Reu;
1Chronicles 1:26 Serug, Nahor, Terah;
1Chronicles 1:27 Abram--the same is Abraham. {S}
Septuagint Version
1Chronicles 1:1 Adam, Seth, Enos,
1Chronicles 1:2 and Cainan, Maleleel, Jared,
1Chronicles 1:3 Enoch, Mathusala, Lamech,
1Chronicles 1:4 Noe: the sons of Noe, Sem, Cham, Japheth.
…..
1Chronicles 1:17 The sons of Sem, Ælam, and Assur,
1Chronicles 1:18 and Arphaxad, Sala,
1Chronicles 1:25 Eber, Pheleg, Ragan,
1Chronicles 1:26 Seruch, Nachor, Tharrha,
1Chronicles 1:27 Abraam.
Moreover, he wrote the names of the children of Nathan the son of David, which was nothing mentioned about them in the Old Testament, and writing them contradicts the Old Testament texts that talk about establishing the covenant of the governance with King Solomon and his descendants, as shown in the first chapter.
Therefore, Luke in his attempt to get out of breaking the covenant with Jeconiah and his descendants was forced to write Jesus' genealogy through the descendants of Nathan the son of David, and this matter appears in the differences between Matthew and Luke in the name of the father of Joseph the carpenter, Matthew says that his name is Jacob, while Luke says his name is Heli!
In spite of this unacceptable contradiction, they agreed in the names from Abraham to David which are mentioned in the Old Testament!
The final note is on the saying of Luke "Now Jesus Himself began His ministry at about thirty years of age, being (as was supposed) the son of Joseph", or according to the New International Version "Now Jesus himself was about thirty years old when he began his ministry. He was the son, so it was thought, of Joseph", or according to the Translation of Codex Sinaiticus "And Jesus himself was, when he began his ministry, about thirty years old, being, as was supposed, the son of Joseph", this saying contains two issues that indicate that the Gospels have not been written by revelation or inspiration of the Holy Spirit. The first is the words "as was supposed" or "so it was thought", these words mean that Luke had written his Gospel according to what the people thought or what they have suppose about Jesus, not as was Jesus in the real. The second issue is his saying that Jesus is the son of Joseph, and this is an unforgivable and an unacceptable error, because Jesus was not the son of Joseph the carpenter.
From all of the above, we notice how Matthew and Luke did not write the same genealogy for Jesus, and how they added and deleted some names of the Old Testament genealogies, and they differed in the name of the father of Joseph the Carpenter, while they agreed on the names that mentioned in the Old Testament, from Abraham to David, and this refers to the method and the approach of writing the Gospels, which is based on the Old Testament texts away from the revelation and the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, or even historical events, to bestow a state of holiness and credibility and reliability on what they have written, which means that our law "do not accept the lying and false" applies to the genealogy of Jesus, otherwise they should write the same names.
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